On straight and wide roads, a large freight car full of goods and a luxury bus between the cities are passing by; in towns and villages, a small truck is smartly driven on a narrow road; In the scenic area, there is a beautiful tourist bus shuttle; in an old and new city, buses of different specifications become city business cards...
These vehicles have a common title - commercial vehicles. About 99% of China's commercial vehicles are in use, and there is a common brand, China-made.
It has been 60 years since the development of the Chinese automobile industry that started with trucks. The history of the development of commercial vehicles in China is a history of independent development of the industry. After the reform and opening up, commercial vehicles of foreign brands poured in. Commercial vehicles of independent brands could not only firmly occupy market positions with absolute advantages in domestic competition, but also extended their tentacles overseas, and began to deal with international commercial vehicle giants. Let the people praise the place.
The scale of production and sales is not the same
From the establishment of the first automobile manufacturing plant in China in 1953, it has been 60 years of development history. In the 30 years before the reform and opening up, China’s commercial vehicles started from scratch and laid the foundation for further development in the future. After the reform and opening up, especially in the past 10 years, China’s commercial vehicles have developed rapidly and a number of highly competitive vehicles have emerged. The backbone enterprises with certain brand awareness have become the main force of China's commercial vehicle front.
According to statistics, in 1978, only 96,000 vehicles were sold annually. In 2007, the annual sales volume of trucks reached 2,144.5 thousand, the annual sales of passenger cars reached 349,500, and the sales volume of commercial vehicles increased by a full 25 times. After 2007, the scale of production and sales of commercial vehicles in China continued to grow. In 2010, the production and sales of commercial vehicles were 4,367,600 and 4,304,100, which represented an increase of 28.2% and 29.9% over the previous year, reaching the peak.
As China's economic growth slowed down, in 2011, as the demand for trucks dropped significantly, the production and sales volume of commercial vehicles fell sharply. In 2012, the production and sales of commercial vehicles in China were 3.8471 million and 38.121 million, which was a year-on-year decrease of 4.7% and 5.5% respectively. In the first half of this year, experienced the "cold winter" of economic slowdown, the commercial vehicle market began to improve. From January to June this year, commercial vehicles sold a total of 2.0727 million vehicles, a cumulative increase of 8.2% year-on-year.
“What's even more commendable is that China’s commercial vehicle industry has such a large scale of production and sales that its own brands occupy an absolute dominant position. The foreign brands’ commercial vehicle market share in China is only about 1%,†an industry source told reporters.
Product variety is rich and colorful
With the diversification of domestic commercial vehicle market demand, China's commercial vehicle types are also constantly enriched.
In the early stage of the development of China's truck industry, products were mainly concentrated on medium-sized trucks, and the product structure was irrational. Heavy trucks and light and micro-cards were seriously lacking. Cargoes in large-tonnage cargoes could not be used. Small-tonnage cargoes used cards to waste transport capacity. With the introduction of the Austrian Steyr 91 series heavy truck technology and the Japanese Isuzu N series light truck technology, the situation of lack of weight and lightness in China has gradually improved.
Today, the product structure of China's trucks has changed from a medium-sized truck to a heavy, medium, light, minivan, and low-speed truck. In addition, in the subdivided commercial vehicle market, as the demand for transportation continues to increase, the variety of China's trucks is no longer confined to products such as tractors and lorries. .
After the reform and opening up, China's passenger car products have also been continuously enriched. In order to adapt to the rapid development of China's expressways, passenger car companies have developed road passenger cars, tourist buses, and a wide variety of bus passenger vehicles, such as low-floor, low-entry buses, BRT buses, and new energy buses. To meet the shuttle bus and airport bus used by large airports and feeders. Services for "agriculture, countryside and farmers" and rural buses developed to meet the needs of villages and villages. A large number of private buses, including school buses for small, medium and young students and children, have emerged.
According to industry insiders, today's Chinese passenger cars have basically formed a large, medium, and light complete product portfolio with high, medium, and low-grade products, and have become an important part of the global bus industry.
Production equipment looks admiration
Industry experts told reporters that the technical level of commercial vehicle products depends largely on production equipment.
The reporter once visited many domestic truck companies, such as FAW Jiefang, China National Heavy Duty Truck, Hualing Xingma, and Shaanxi Zhongqi and other new and old commercial vehicle companies. In the production plant, automated welding robots, cathodic electrophoretic coating lines, automatic spray paint production lines and other advanced production equipment, so that reporters can not meet. These equipments, which were only seen in the car production workshop in the past, have now become popular and have become the protagonists of the truck production line.
A responsible person of a heavy truck company once told reporters that the truck market has never lacked foreign brand products. The key is how to determine the relationship with foreign brands. As long as we insist on self-development, continuous pursuit of technological innovation, and the courage to challenge the international advanced level, we are adept at using the best of others for my own use. We do not need to worry about the lack of a foothold in the highly competitive commercial vehicle market.
It is understood that in recent years, the major domestic truck manufacturers have launched flagship products targeting international mid-to-high end markets. The 200-horsepower truck that was considered an "artifact" 10 years ago has had its engine power refreshed many times. Today, high-power heavy trucks produced by domestic companies can drive up to 500 horsepower. From the perspective of pollutant emission levels, after the continuous upgrading of the first-phase to the fourth-phase emission standards, the current heavy-duty commercial vehicle emissions can not only meet the national IV standards, but also have the potential to upgrade to national V or even national VI standards. Judging from the technical level of heavy-duty commercial vehicle transmissions, AMT developed independently by China National Heavy Duty Truck and Fast has achieved batch loading, and manual transmissions have been used in a large number of synchronizers... “These improvements have supported us to compete with foreign brands. "The weight." An industry source told reporters.
In the passenger car industry, in the 1960s and 1970s, there was no special chassis technology for passenger cars. Domestic passenger cars were modified on the basis of truck chassis and could only satisfy the most basic mobile functions. Entering the new century of “independent design and sales, and global procurement of assembly and manufacturingâ€, the rapid development of the passenger car industry in China is surprising. Many bus companies have introduced joint ventures and cooperation with multinational corporations, introduced technology and management, and greatly improved their technological level and competitiveness.
The World Bus Alliance Secretary-General Locke, who is known as the "Father of European Buses," told the reporter during the visit to the Beijing International Convention Center in May this year: "The level of Chinese passenger cars and the level of internationally renowned brands have been Very close, many high-end passenger cars in China have successfully entered the demanding European market. There is no doubt that Chinese passenger cars have become an important part of the world bus."
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