Once upon a time, General Electric, Philips and Siemens' OSRAM, once known as the world's three major lighting giants, many of the bulbs purchased by households are these brands. However, time has passed, Siemens has already divested OSRAM in 2013, and Philips also split the lighting business in 2016. The latest news is that in the past, General Electric, Philips and Siemens' OSRAM, once known as the world's three major lighting giants, many of the bulbs purchased by households are these brands. However, time has passed, Siemens has already divested OSRAM in 2013, and Philips also split the lighting business in 2016. The latest news is that GE is considering selling consumer lighting. The indissoluble bond between the Big Three and the light bulb General Electric: â–² Inventor and businessman Edison In 1879, Edison developed the first human lamp with wide practical value in the United States. The filament was made of carbonized cotton. On September 4, 1882, the lights were first lighted at the JP Morgan Building on Wall Street. Edison commercialized electricity and opened the electrical age. In 1892, Edison General Electric merged with Thomson-Houston Electric into General Electric (GE). Although Edison has since left, GE has always called Edison the founder of the company, and GE's lighting business has been the company's most iconic business. Philips: In 1891, Gerard Philips and his father Frederik founded Philips in Eindhoven, The Netherlands. In 1892, the company began producing carbon wire bulbs. â–² Gerald Philips Subsequently, Gerald's younger brother, Anton, joined in and expanded the production of light bulbs, making Philips one of the largest carbon filament bulb manufacturers in Europe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After the 1920s, Philips began producing other electronic products and gradually became one of the largest multinational electronics companies in Europe. OSRAM: â–² OSRAM bulbs In 1906, the German gas lamp company (Deutsche Gasgluhlicht-Anstalt) registered the OSRAM trademark. The name of OSRAM comes from the combination of two important materials, Osmium and Wolfram, which are required for incandescent lamp manufacturing. In 1919, German gas lamps, General Electric and Siemens Halske AG merged into a new company, OSRAM Lightbulb Company, by integrating their respective incandescent lamps. Osram used to have the world's largest light bulb production plant, with bulb production accounting for about one-third of global light bulb production. In 1976, GE began selling some of its shares in OSRAM to Siemens. In 1978, Siemens finally completed the acquisition of all of GE's shares in OSRAM and became the sole shareholder of OSRAM. OSRAM has also become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Siemens. Siemens divests Osram At the end of November 2012, Siemens announced that it will divest Osram's lighting business independently and publicly. Siemens will divest 80.5% of Osram's equity, but will continue to hold a 17% stake in the new company after listing as a major shareholder of OSRAM. At the time, Siemens was focusing on industrial applications such as high-speed trains, medical equipment and products, and Osram's future profitability and growth prospects were not optimistic. In July 2013, OSRAM split its independent development from Siemens, including four major businesses, special lighting for LED chips (Opto Semiconductor), automotive lighting, lighting solutions and lighting systems (Lamp). Philips Lighting Singles At the same time, another lighting giant, Philips, is also making adjustments in the industry. In 2013, Royal Philips Electronics announced that it has changed its name to Royal Philips, reflecting that consumer electronics is no longer a priority for Philips. After divesting a number of electronics businesses, Philips has become a diversified company with core businesses in the areas of healthcare, energy efficient lighting and consumer health. In 2014, Philips announced that it will be split into two major business groups: medical and lighting. At that time, Philips was the world's number one brand in the lighting industry, with the highest market share, but the profitability did not reflect the corresponding industry status. At the same time, due to the low correlation between Philips' lighting business and healthcare business, the spin-off will significantly reduce the organizational level, improve decision-making efficiency, and respond more flexibly to more complex and volatile markets. On May 27, 201, Philips Lighting, a company with nearly 125 years of history, was listed on the Euronext Amsterdam. The IPO also marks the end of Philips as a large and company-wide company. GE strips consumer business In 2012, General Electric determined that the Industrial Internet would be a breakthrough for GE and the industry as a whole. GE has defined its role as a spoiler in the industrial sector, investing a lot of money in software, sensors and the Internet of Things. In 2015, GE opened the road to digital transformation and became the world's largest digital industrial empire. GE invested heavily in the acquisition of Alstom's power and grid business in France, and has also sold assets such as financial services that once accounted for a very large proportion. In January 2016, China Haier Group (Haier) and General Electric (GE) signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation, and Qingdao Haier Co., Ltd. will integrate GE's home appliance business. In June 2016, GE Appliances officially became a member of Qingdao Haier. In April 2017, it was reported that GE is considering selling its consumer lighting business, which may cost about $500 million. The overall lighting business, including commercial lighting, generated revenue of approximately $2.2 billion in 2016, less than 2% of GE's total revenue. If GE sells its lighting business, it means that the lighting businesses owned by General Electric, Philips and Siemens will go solo. The future of the lighting industry As the traditional electronics and electrical industry giants, General Electric, Siemens and Philips have been divesting the traditional lighting business in recent years, but it does not mean that the prospects of the lighting business itself are not optimistic. In recent years, LED has developed rapidly as an emerging lighting industry, which has had a great impact on traditional lighting companies. Philips and Osram have rapidly transformed LEDs. With the development of the LED industry, Chinese company Mulinsen has become a new lighting giant with great advantages in the field of LED packaging. The traditional lighting enterprises represented by Op Lighting, Sanxiong Aurora, Sunlight Lighting, Foshan Lighting, etc. have achieved initial success in the process of transforming LED lighting. Not long ago, OSRAM sold its general lighting business, LEDVANCE, to the Mulinsen joint bidder for a total price of 400 million euros. However, the world's top LED chip manufacturers such as Philips, Osram, Corey, and Nichia have all protected their respective technological advantages through cross-patent authorization. The technology of Chinese LED manufacturers is still far from these manufacturers.
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