Along with the rapid development of China's automobile industry, the once luxury of automobiles has now entered the ordinary people's family. As a pillar industry in China, China's automobile production and sales have also ranked first in the world for many years. However, the explosive growth of cars has also brought about many social problems. The car has also become a hot topic for representatives and members of the two conferences.
Judging from the proposals of the two conferences that have been released so far, alleviating traffic congestion, developing new energy vehicles, and building a healthy new normal society will become issues of concern to the representatives of the two associations.
Restricted purchase limit is not a cure. According to the data, in 2014, China's newly registered cars were 21.88 million, and the net increase was 17.07 million. Both indicators reached the highest level in history. By the end of 2014, China's motor vehicle ownership had reached 264 million vehicles, including 154 million vehicles; motor vehicle drivers exceeded 300 million, of which more than 246 million were motorists. A series of data shows that China is running into the car society. However, the resulting traffic congestion problem has become the focus of attention.
It is understood that in order to alleviate traffic congestion, Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Guiyang, Tianjin, Shenzhen and other cities have successively introduced restrictions and purchase restrictions. However, some representatives of the two associations believe that the car limit and purchase restriction policies are simple, convenient, easy to operate, and quick. However, after the short-term effect of “governance blockingâ€, its continuous governance effect is not optimistic, and it has not fundamentally solved the problem of urban traffic congestion.
Zong Qinghou, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman and general manager of Wahaha Group, said that the restrictions on car purchases and restrictions are actually a temporary solution to the problem. It is necessary to fundamentally solve urban road congestion and air pollution, and it is impossible to implement a one-size-fits-all approach. Zong Qinghou proposed to cancel the restriction on purchase restrictions, strengthen the inspection and supervision of exhaust emissions and improve the transportation infrastructure, thus reducing the environmental pressure and traffic pressure brought by the automobile.
Zong Qinghou proposed to improve the road operation management level through the intelligent transportation command, use the level of information and communication technology, and deploy people, roads and vehicles as one, intelligently calculate the traffic flow and adjust the traffic signal accordingly, avoiding many current The green light is unreasonably set, and the green light has no car and the red light is queued.
Li Shufu, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Geely Automobile, also said in an interview with the media that the restrictions on purchases implemented in some places are only expedient measures, calling for the release of automobile purchase restrictions.
The "Proposal on Strengthening the Legal System Construction of Urban Transport Comprehensive Management" submitted by Wang Fengying, the deputy of the National People's Congress and the president of Great Wall Motor, pointed out: "The policy of restricting purchases of automobiles is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of urban traffic congestion, and its scientificity and legitimacy also cause society. Extensive controversy and questioning from all walks of life."
Wang Fengying made recommendations from national laws and regulations, urban road network planning, traffic management organizations, and intelligent transportation. She said that based on the macro-background of the automobile society under China's special national conditions, it should be based on a forward-looking national development level, carry out the top-level design of the legal and institutional level of urban traffic comprehensive management, and establish a sound legal and supporting system.
Wang Fengying pointed out that research on developed countries in Europe and America shows that the use of intelligent traffic management systems based on information technology and intelligent transportation technology can more than double the capacity of urban roads. She suggested strengthening the decision-making coordination and guarantee mechanism for urban traffic comprehensive management, increasing R&D investment and extensive application of intelligent transportation, making full use of intelligent transportation systems to achieve efficient use of road resources.
Facing the development of new energy vehicles In the context of increasing air pollution and energy shortages, the development of new energy vehicles is the general trend. This also makes new energy vehicles a hot topic in the industry during the two sessions each year.
Wang Min, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman of Qiyang (Chengdu) Investment Management Co., Ltd., believes that promoting new energy vehicles is one of the important ways for the automobile industry to contribute to the management of haze. The use and promotion of new energy vehicles should be related to production and R&D. The progress of the match is to speed up the promotion of new energy vehicles and improve the construction of supporting facilities for new energy vehicles.
Tang Yuxiang, president of Zhengzhou Yutong Group Co., Ltd. believes that last year, the national new energy vehicle promotion subsidy demonstration policy has been introduced, and the new policy will definitely play an important role in promoting the development of China's new energy automobile industry, environmental protection and energy conservation, and improving people's livelihood. He suggested giving more support to new energy vehicles at the policy level.
Liu Chonglu, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy general manager of China Automotive Industry Engineering Corporation, brought a proposal on "Increase the construction of charging and replacing infrastructure and promote the application of new energy vehicles in the market".
Liu Chongxi suggested increasing the construction of charging and replacing infrastructure and promoting the application of new energy vehicle market, including supporting the national power grid, China Southern Power Grid and other traditional power supply central enterprises to increase the construction of charging and replacing infrastructure, and encouraging traditional automobile energy supply enterprises such as Sinopec and PetroChina. Participate in the construction of charging and replacing infrastructure. At the same time, private capital should also be encouraged to enter infrastructure construction, enact laws and regulations to protect its rights and interests, increase financial subsidies for the construction of charging and replacing infrastructure, and reduce or exempt taxes.
Li Shufu said that Geely will launch new energy vehicles this year. But he believes that electric vehicles are not necessarily conducive to the environment, because power generation consumes a lot of non-clean energy.
Jing Zhu, the deputy to the National People's Congress and chairman of the Haima Group, put forward several major problems in the commercialization of electric vehicles:
Such as battery technology barriers, usage habits and environment, high cost and high failure caused by non-scale production.
Jing Zhu said that in recent years, pure electric vehicles have been hailed, and it is considered that China's auto industry has the opportunity to achieve “overtaking and cornering†and he is rational. Jing Zhu believes that in the current lack of deep understanding of pure electric vehicles by the government and the Chinese people, it is not scientific to "overtake the corner and cross the border". Jing Zhu believes that the best path for China to develop new energy vehicles is to go round with cars, energy-saving and emission reduction and new energy technologies. First, through deep mixing and mixing technology, the transition to electric vehicles or fuel cell vehicles.
Zhong Faping, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman of Keliyuan, suggested that the state should reduce the pollution of automobile exhausts by vigorously developing hybrid vehicles and solve the current problem of haze. Zhong Faping believes that compared with power lithium batteries, nickel-hydrogen power batteries are not as stable and safe as energy density is not as good as the former.
Accelerating the development of low-speed electric vehicle standards It is understood that at present in some third- and fourth-tier cities in China or in the urban-rural integration of first- and second-tier cities, low-speed electric vehicles have shown a spurt development. According to relevant statistics, starting from 2009, in just five years, the cumulative number of miniature low-speed electric vehicles that have been on the road in China has exceeded one million. The enterprises engaged in the production of this vehicle have more than 100 cities in the second, third and fourth tier cities of Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Henan.
However, such a huge market does not have a sound management mechanism. There is no standard to rely on. There is no clear threshold for entry, there are great security risks, and the independent innovation capability of enterprises needs to be further improved.
Zhang Tianren, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman of Tianneng Group, said that the micro-electric vehicle should be properly liberalized and the management principle of “strict product access and enterprise access should be wide†should be implemented to encourage and support multiple battery routes and different battery combinations. The new energy electric vehicles are compatible with development and have established a scientific technical standard system for micro electric vehicles. At the same time, the mini electric vehicles will be included in the road traffic planning of China, and will be included in the statutory means of transportation, allowing the miniature electric vehicles that meet the standards to be on the road.
In the proposal, the Central Committee of the People’s Republic of China called for the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Public Security to introduce an industry access method as soon as possible to implement access management for low-speed electric vehicle enterprises with automobile production qualifications and products passing the test. It is recommended to classify low-speed electric vehicles and fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles. Develop a strict management method for low-speed electric vehicles, including vehicle production, testing, insurance, and road management. In the context of road resources and safety control, low-speed electric vehicles will be included in the current road traffic management system. Except for highways and restricted roads, all roads in rural roads and towns should be open to low-speed electric vehicles. The vehicle can be easily identified by a license plate with a distinctive sign, and a C4/C5 driver's license can be considered for the driver's license.
At the same time, the proposal of the Central Committee of the People's Republic of China proposed to take the lead in the pilot project of low-speed electric vehicles in the provinces with conditions, to explore a market demand, the government does not invest and subsidize, the technical route from low to high, easy to develop, independent research and development , the development model that is standardized in development and improved in the norm.
Liu Yifa, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman of Shandong Shifeng Group, suggested that the advantages of small electric vehicles should be integrated into the market trend, and small electric vehicles should be used as “national cars†to implement classified management to guide and standardize the scientific development of the industry.
Taxi system needs to be reformed It is reported that many taxis in the country have recently reformed the taxi industry. Among them, Hubei Xiangyang taxi has canceled the money, using driver income and service quality and social evaluation linked model; Jiangsu proposed to publicize the taxi money, and reasonable fees; Liaoning proposed "gradual realization of taxi operation service management rights free of charge The use of limited period, as well as the corporate management, scale management, and the elimination of the money model implemented in Hunan Xiangtan.
In this regard, Li Shufu suggested promoting the reform of the taxi system. He said: "The taxi industry urgently needs to carry out institutional reforms. The direction of reform should be to break the above two monopolies and implement full marketization. Only in this way, ordinary people can really say goodbye to taxis." Returned to the market, directly open the taxi management right to the first-line drivers who meet the requirements, bypass the taxi company that “takes the profitsâ€, and provide the rental directly to the public by paying certain operating management fees and public resources to the government. Car service, through full competition, to revitalize the market. At the same time, Li Shufu suggested that according to the scale of different cities, set up a pilot city for taxi system reform, classify various reform measures, and lay a solid foundation for the reform of the national taxi industry system.
Cai Jiming, deputy of the National People's Congress and director of the Center for Political Economy Research at Tsinghua University, pointed out that special cars and taxis are equally competitive. To break the monopoly of the taxi industry, it is necessary to change the current regulations, at least in a certain area and for a certain period of time. Stop executing relevant legal documents.
In response to the taxi reform issue that everyone is concerned about, the Minister of Transportation Yang Chuantang said that the taxi reform has entered an important stage and has carried out three rounds of argumentation. The preliminary guidance has been broadly outlined, and the reform opinions are expected to be introduced in the first half of this year.
He revealed that after the end of the two sessions, the Ministry of Transport will conduct a fourth round of investigations to further listen to the opinions of the relevant parties and the opinions of the public. The main idea is to coordinate the interests of users, operators, Internet companies and other entities, and use one of the largest common denominators to make taxi management go on the right track. "If the progress is smooth, it is possible to announce the reform plan in the first half of this year."
Yang Chuantang emphasized that the key to the taxi reform plan is to solve the positioning problem. First of all, it is necessary to clarify that taxis are not public transportation. Secondly, there must be an overall quantity control of taxis. It should not be too small or too much. It must meet the requirements of use and take into account the interests of operators and other parties. Third, we must control the price; finally, we must let all users and operators get reasonable remuneration and benefits.
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