By the end of July, the third phase of the National Vehicle Pollutant Emission Standard (referred to as the National III Standard) has been officially implemented for one month. Although various companies have already prepared for it, many experts pointed out that due to the inconsistency of technical standards, the implementation of the National III standard will accelerate the speed of reshuffling in China's heavy truck industry.
Multiple technical standards coexist
In terms of engine technology, the implementation of State III means to change from a mechanical engine to an electronic engine. The key is the upgrading of the engine fuel injection system.
At present, there are four kinds of technologies used by heavy truck companies at home and abroad: The first is electronically controlled high pressure common rail technology. Simply put, a computer is installed on the engine to allow the computer to direct the scientific work of the engine to ensure the best combustion ratio, atomization and optimum ignition timing of the diesel engine, as well as good fuel economy and minimum emissions. Mercedes-Benz, Iveco, Shaanxi Auto, and Liberation have adopted electronically controlled high pressure common rail technology. It has become the most widely used state III emission standard technology.
The second is the electronically controlled pump nozzle technology. This technology is used by Volvo, Dongfeng and other companies. The professional engine manufacturer Cummins's all-electronically controlled engine also uses electronically controlled pump nozzle technology. Currently, the engine of the technology has more than 400,000 global reserves. Taiwan, driving mileage of 300 billion kilometers.
The third is the electronically controlled monomer pump technology, which is adopted by Mercedes-Benz and has few domestic applications.
There is also an H pump (mechanical pump or in-line pump) + EGR technology. It is based on the State II mechanical pump, the use of electromagnets to control the mechanical pump rack, the oil valve, made simple electronic control mechanical pump plus EGR exhaust gas reprocessing system to reduce emissions. At present, China National Heavy Duty Truck Group is using this technology.
It is understood that these four kinds of technologies are applied in domestic enterprises, and whether the heavy truck industry should be unified, and there is still no conclusion in China. Previously, due to insufficient promotional efforts, many heavy truck users did not understand the impact of different technical indicators.
The bottleneck of heavy truck companies
For China's heavy-duty truck companies, no matter what kind of technology is used, whether it can be accepted by users is the most important. Whether or not it has high-performance engines and service guarantees will determine whether heavy-duty truck companies can gain a foothold in the market.
According to the accepted practice in the industry, an entire vehicle must complete environmental testing in a high-heat, high-altitude, and high-cold area. All performances must meet or exceed national standards, and must be mature, reliable, powerful, green, and fuel-efficient. Low, low maintenance costs, etc., so as to shape and mass production. It is understood that at present, heavy-duty truck companies such as Volvo, Mercedes-Benz, and Liberation have passed the above-mentioned tests and established production.
Experts in the industry indicated that due to the use of electronic engines in the State III vehicles, they must be tested and repaired by the service station using professional fault diagnostic equipment if they encounter complicated engine control system failures. Since the key technology of the State III engine comes from abroad, it must undergo a learning process after introduction, so the popularization of service technology will also bring difficulties. It is understood that at present, some heavy-duty truck companies cannot meet the needs of users in terms of service guarantees, including the inability of maintenance service stations, inadequate training of maintenance personnel, and inability of parts and components to meet market demands, all of which restrict the further development of China's heavy truck companies.
Heavy truck industry usher in a new pattern
It is understood that since the beginning of this year, all heavy truck companies have been studying new industrial policies. However, some companies have previously been inadequately prepared for this new environmental protection policy. Some companies even have a wait-and-see attitude.
The implementation of State III puts a test on the technical strength of heavy truck companies. According to reports, according to the current international practice, the use of electronically controlled high pressure common rail technology will directly increase the cost of the engine and further increase the price of the entire vehicle.
The relevant person in charge of Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd. stated that if it is replaced with a State III engine, the price of each vehicle will increase, which is about 25,000 yuan more than the price of the national standard product of the same type. After the national III standard is implemented nationwide, the heavy truck product price must rise nationwide. For vehicle manufacturers, due to supporting problems, the market concentration will be further increased and the entire industry will inevitably shuffle.
From country II to country III, the heavy trucks must be upgraded from the original mechanical control system to the computer control system. However, most of the domestic supporting plants cannot produce the high-quality engines and oil pumps required for this system, but mainly rely on Bosch and Weichai. , Cummins and other large supporting manufacturers supply. Judging from the current situation, the combined production capacity of these engine manufacturers cannot meet the market demand after implementing the National III standard across the country.
Industry insiders predict that due to some low-end products whose emission performance can obviously not reach the standard, they will withdraw from the market. The Chinese heavy-duty truck industry is about to enter the era of oligopolistic competition.
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