First, the fuel tanker truck brake system 1, control system (pedal, handbrake, etc.);
2. Hydraulic system (hydraulic oil, brake master cylinder, hydraulic oil pipe, brake cylinder);
3, electronic control system (ABS pump, ABS sensor, ABS computer);
4. Assist system (vacuum booster pump);
5, the implementation of the system (brake calipers, brake pads, tank brakes).
Second, on the refueling disc brake
As disc brakes refueling car brake disc exposed to the air, so that the disc brakes have excellent heat dissipation, when the vehicle in a high-speed state to make a sudden brake or brake in a short period of time, the braking performance is less easy to decline, can let Vehicles get better braking effects to improve vehicle safety. Due to the rapid increase in the performance and speed of vehicles, disc brakes have become the mainstream of current brake systems in order to increase the stability of the brakes when the vehicle is traveling at high speeds.
And because disc brakes respond quickly and have the ability to do high-frequency braking actions, many models use disc brakes and ABS systems as well as VSC, TCS and other systems to meet the need for such systems to move quickly.
The function of disc brakes: Disc brakes are stationary brake discs. When the brake pedal is pressed, the piston in the brake master cylinder will be pushed and pressure builds up in the brake fluid circuit. The pressure is transmitted to the piston of the brake cylinder on the brake caliper via the brake fluid. After the piston of the brake cylinder is under pressure, it will move outwards and push it to make the wafer clamp the brake disk of the tank truck. Friction occurs in the brake pads of the car to reduce the rotational speed of the wheels so that the tank cars can slow down or stop. Clamp the brake disc that rotates with the tire on the wheel to generate friction so that the wheel rotation speed will be low.
Disc brakes advantages:
1. Disc brakes have better heat dissipation than drum brakes. When the brakes are depressed continuously, they will not cause brakes to decay and brake failure.
2. The change in size of the brake discs of the tank car after heating does not increase the stroke of the brake pedal.
3, disc brake system's rapid response, can do high-frequency brake action, and thus more in line with the needs of the ABS system.
4. The disc brakes do not have the automatic brake tightness of the drum brakes, so the braking forces of the left and right wheels are relatively even.
5, compared with the drum brake, disc brake structure is simple, and easy to repair.
6. Due to the better drainage of the brake discs of the oil tanker, it is possible to reduce the poor braking due to water or mud.
Disadvantages of disc brakes:
1, because there is no automatic brake brake drum brake effect, so that the disc brake braking force is lower than the drum brake.
2. The friction area between the brake disc brake disc and the tank car brake disc is smaller than that of the drum brake, so that the braking force is also relatively small.
3, to make the film more wear, resulting in the replacement frequency may be higher.
4, the hand brake device is not easy to install, some rear-wheel brake disc models used to add a set of drum brake brake mechanism.
5, in order to improve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned disc brakes, so need a larger pedaling force or oil pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to use a larger-diameter oil-vehicle brake disc or increase the oil pressure of the brake system to increase the braking force.
Third, the brake fault judgment
The feeling of braking is very important. When the normal brake system is braking, it feels like the pedal is firm and the car should stop immediately and smoothly along a straight line. Slight screaming at low speeds without the use of brakes is due to wear on the brake disc or edge of the tanker. In addition, if the brake temperature is too high, smoke will appear and the odor will be emitted when the brake temperature exceeds 400 degrees, and the brakes will obviously feel soft, mostly caused by the continuous use of the brake system for a long time. When the vehicle is severely shaken or sloping toward one side, or when the pedal feels insensitive and soft, it should attract the attention of the owner. Some squeaking is caused by the interaction of the friction linings with the gaskets on the back side.
Fourth, the common brake system failure
(1) Bad braking effect (soft brake): The braking deceleration is small and the braking distance is long when the tanker is braking while driving.
Usually due to:
1. Oil leakage from sub-pump or main pump cannot ensure sufficient oil pressure;
2, brake failure;
3, infiltration of air in the brake pipe. The reason why the hydraulic brake system has a poor braking performance can be generally judged based on the brake pedal stroke, the soft and hard feeling when the brake pedal is depressed, and the stability after depressing the brake pedal. If the outside is normal, check the sub-pump or master pump for failure. The height of the pedal is slightly increased when the foot is braked continuously, and there is a sense of elasticity, indicating that air is infiltrated into the brake pipe. When the brake is maintained, if the height of the pedal slowly decreases, it indicates that the brake pipe is broken somewhere, the joint is tightly closed, the main pump or the cylinder seal of the cylinder is poor, and the return valve and the oil outlet valve are defective. The brake pedal can be depressed first to observe the presence of brake fluid leakage.
(2) Abrupt brake failure: When the tanker is moving, one or more feet are braked. The brake pedals of the tanker parts are all stepped on and the brake suddenly fails.
the reason:
1. The brake master cylinder or sub-pump leaks seriously;
2. The brake seal of the master cylinder or cylinder pump is broken, or there is excessive air in the brake fluid circuit. If this happens, the driver should brake quickly and continuously. In the event of failure of the brake, it should be stopped immediately. First, observe whether there is any loss of brake fluid in the brake fluid tank, and then observe whether the brake master cylinder, sub cylinder pump, and oil pipeline have any leakage brake fluid.
(3) Brake deviation: In the case of braking, the direction deviation, especially the tanker truck without anti-lock brake device equipped with ABS brakes, can not be controlled in the direction. The reason is uneven wear of the brakes, and the expansion of the piston pump seal, one point of the main pump. Pump oil leakage.
(4) The brakes are not returned: When the brake pedal is depressed, it feels high and hard or there is no free trip, and the tanker has difficulty starting or driving. Fault phenomenon: Step on the brake pedal, the pedal will not rise, no resistance. It is necessary to judge whether the brake fluid is missing or not; whether there is oil leakage in the brake cylinder, piping and joints, and whether the components of the main pump and the sub-pump are damaged.
(5) Brake squeak: Normally caused by uneven wear of brake discs, plates, brake drums, and shoes of tank trucks.
(6) Braking of the brakes: Shivering on the brakes and the steering wheel's hand. The reason is that the brake disc brake of the tank car is over the limit, the brake caliper is deformed, and the brake pads are tapered. When this happens, it must be repaired.
V. Precautions for preventing brake failure
First, regular inspections and regular maintenance. Caused by the brake failure is mainly due to the lack of necessary maintenance of the brake system, the brake master cylinder too much impurities, dirty brake fluid or a combination of several kinds of brake oil heated after the occurrence of air resistance, brake master cylinder or sub-pump leak;
There is a malfunction due to improper operation, such as long-term use of the brake on the downhill will make the brake pads friction heat loss caused by the brake; due to serious overload, under the influence of the acceleration of gravity, increase the inertia of the vehicle movement, This will directly lead to brake failure.
Part of the braking system that needs regular attention is the consumable brake pad in addition to the brake fluid. When the vehicle is running, the sand on the road is often involved in the brake system, high-speed impact brake pads, causing uneven wear of the brake pads. Therefore, the owner should regularly check the degree of wear of the brake pads, whether the thickness meets the safety standards and whether the surface is uniform. In addition, we must ensure that there is enough vehicle distance during driving. Blindly accelerating and decelerating only look cool. For the vehicle, not only is the fuel consumption high, but also the loss of the braking system is not small. The daily bad driving habits of car owners, especially some new car owners, will accelerate the loss of the braking system. For example, after parking, the foot is still placed on the brake pedal instead of pulling the handbrake. At this time, the brake master cylinder is in a high pressure state for a long time, and the wear between the master cylinder seal and the piston is increased, resulting in pressure relief. The brake function of the vehicle.
If you drive in an ordinary state of mind, use the engine deceleration (loose throttle or downshift) as early as possible in accordance with the manual specified in the passenger car manual to effectively reduce fuel consumption and reduce mechanical wear and tear. The service life of the system.
Sixth, regarding the brake failure reported by a recent rider, it seems that the problem of locking is the ABS pump. This reminds you of the fact that in March of this year, Shanghai GM had recalled 1,231 vehicles, because the ABS pump had problems. The reason for the recall was that Shanghai General Motors explained that “because of the process control problems of the parts suppliers, it may cause some batches of ABS body block, resulting in hardened brake pedals, or vehicle brake deviation, which may happen under extreme circumstances. Causes a longer braking distance." Note that what is mentioned here is "ABS body block", this situation is indeed likely to cause brake failure.
However, there is an important factor that causes the blockage of the ABS body. An important indicator of brake oil is water content, which will reduce the boiling point, prolonged brake high temperature is easy to form air resistance, resulting in brake failure. At the same time, excessive water will also use the brake cylinder / master pump / ABS corrosion stagnation, think of the recent television 75% of the reported brake fluids are not qualified, so everyone should pay attention to the quality of the brake fluid.
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